Monitoring, Awareness and Reflection in Blended Technology Enhanced Learning: a Systematic Review

Education is experiencing a paradigm shift towards blended learning models in technology-enhanced learning (TEL). Despite the potential benefits of blended learning, it also entails additional complexity in terms of monitoring, awareness and reflection, as learning happens across different spaces and modalities. In recent years, literature on Learning Analytics (LA) and Educational Data Mining (EDM) has gained momentum and started to address the issue. To provide a clear picture of the current state of the research on the topic and to outline open research gaps, this paper presents a systematic literature review of the state-of-the-art of research in LA and EDM on monitoring, awareness and reflection in blended TEL scenarios. The search included six main academic databases in TEL that were enriched with the proceedings of the workshop on 'Awareness and Reflection in TEL' (ARTEL), resulting in 1089 papers out of which 40 papers were included in the final analysis. Biographical notes: María Jesús Rodríguez-Triana is a post-doctoral researcher in the Coordination and Interaction Systems Group (REACT) at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Her research lines address blended and collaborative learning, classroom orchestration, learning design, learning analytics, and distributed learning environments. Currently, she is investigating the synergies between learning design and learning analytics when using pedagogical approaches such as inquiry based learning and computer-supported collaborative learning. Luis P. Prieto is a Marie Curie postdoctoral fellow at the CHILI group in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL). During his Ph.D. at the University of Valladolid (Spain), he proposed technologies and conceptual tools to support teachers in enacting blended collaborative learning activities. Aside from investigating the use of paper-based learning technologies in schools, at EPFL he is currently developing models of classroom orchestration by teachers in face-to-face classrooms, using wearable sensor data (to be used for teachers' everyday professional reflection). Andrii Vozniuk is a PhD student in Computer Science in the Coordination and Interaction Systems group (REACT) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL). His research and software engineering activities focus on interaction systems and visual analytics in the educational and knowledge management domains. In the course his PhD studies he has developed a number of tools visualising students' activities in order to support awareness and reflection in blended inquiry learning sessions. Mina Shirvani Boroujeni is a PhD student in Computer Science in the Computer Human Interaction for Learning and Instruction group (CHILI) at the Swiss …